تويت
ahmed_allaithy
شاركت: 14 فبراير 2006
نشرات: 274
المكان: UK
ارسل: الاثنين مارس 06, 2006 6:31 am موضوع الرسالة: JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS
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JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS. SPECIAL ISSUE. TRANSLATION AND CONTEXT
Volume 38, Issue 3, March 2006
Editorial. Mona Baker. Translation and Context. Pages 317-320.
Mona Baker. Contextualization in translator- and interpreter-mediated events. Pages 321-337.
Abstract. The notion of context has been extensively invoked but rarely critiqued and elaborated in the study of translation and interpreting. This paper first explores recent thinking on the notions of context and contextualization in pragmatics and linguistic anthropology and examines the extent to which these notions have explicitly or implicitly informed current thinking on translation and interpreting. It then argues that closer attention to processes of contextualization in both the production and reception of translated texts and interpreted utterances can tell us much more about the goals and ideological positioning of participants than any static listing of contextual variables, however detailed and comprehensive. The discussion is supported by various examples of the way in which translators and interpreters frame their interaction with others.
Keywords: Translation; Interpreting; Power; Contextualization
Juliane House. Text and context in translation. Pages 338-358.
Abstract. While research on texts as units larger than sentences has a rich tradition in translation studies, the notion of context, its relation to text, and the role it plays in translation has received much less attention. In this paper, I make an attempt at rethinking the relationship between context and text for translation. I first review several conceptions of context and the relationship between text and context in a number of different disciplines. Secondly, I present a theory of translation which is to be understood as a theory of re-contextualization that explicates the relationship between context and text in its design and categorial scheme. Finally, I sketch a recent development in translation and multilingual text production, which may limit the scope of re-contextualization in translation.
Keywords: Text; Context; Translation; Re-contextualization theory
Ian Mason. On mutual accessibility of contextual assumptions in dialogue interpreting. Pages 359-373.
Abstract. The fundamental determinacy of linguistically encoded meaning has remained as a tacit assumption underlying much work in the study of interlingual interpreting and interpreter behaviour. When confronted with the real-time, on-line nature of interpreter-mediated crosscultural encounters, however, such a view rapidly becomes untenable and an alternative model of the retrieval and representation of meanings becomes necessary. Adopting a relevance theoretic account of interpreter-mediated communication but also drawing on some insights from conversation analysis, this article examines evidence of participant moves – and particularly interpreter moves – to show inferencing at work and the evolving, intra-interactional nature of context. Indeed, a central contention is that interpreters’ performance can provide explicit evidence of take-up, of the sense they make of others’ talk and how they respond to it, in a process of joint negotiation of contextual assumptions. However, whereas mutual accessibility of such assumptions would seem to be a precondition for establishing relevance, the evidence presented here suggests that divergent contexts may emerge among participants, even though the ‘speech-exchange system’ (Schegloff, 1999) of interpreter mediation appears to proceed in an unproblematic way.
Keywords: Underdeterminacy; Dialogue interpreting; Interaction; Inference; Response
Robin Setton. Context in simultaneous interpretation . Pages 349-389.
Abstract. Translation has recently been analysed in the terms of modern cognitive–pragmatic theory (relevance theory) as an interlingual interpretive use of language (Gutt, 1991/2000). But Gutt's account primarily addresses the principles and processes of text or written translation, where the displacement in time and place between the original communicator, the translator and her readers requires the translator to reconstruct the original informative intention, project the original and target addressees’ cognitive environment, and craft a stimulus according to the degree of interpretive resemblance sought. By contrast, oral translation, in particular simultaneous interpreting (SI), is performed in live situations in which the interpreter shares most of the manifest cognitive environment with the participants and is thus better able to project and control the contexts in which her addressees will process her utterances. Since the condition of simultaneity severely constrains the simultaneous interpreter's choice of stimulus, she relies heavily on this access to immediate context and her audience's inferential abilities. Text translators need time to project context and choose their stimuli, while in SI, access to live contexts compensates for temporal constraints. The paper concludes with a discussion on prospects for exploring patterns and possible biases in interlingual text and oral communication on this basis.
Keywords: Simultaneous interpreting; Translation; Context; Relevance; Resemblance; Fidelity
Luis Pérez González. Interpreting strategic recontextualization cues in the courtroom: Corpus-based insights into the pragmatic force of non-restrictive relative clauses. Pages 390-417.
Abstract. In recent decades, studies of the pragmatics of institutional interaction have enhanced our awareness of the ongoingly negotiated nature of context. In this paper, key concepts of the contextualization paradigm, adopted from socio-pragmatics, are outlined and subsequently discussed in the context of courtroom interpreting. Of particular interest here is the fact that interpreters are ethically constrained not to alter the pragmatics of the ongoing interaction, which ultimately presupposes their capacity to identify the contextualization cues with which different participants realign themselves as required. The paper focuses on the notion of ‘strategic’ or ‘covert recontextualization cues’, as illustrated by lawyers’ use of non-restrictive relative clauses. Data from two different corpora provide some evidence of the use of these structures as pragmatically consequential devices, thus challenging the commonly held assumption that non-restrictive relative clauses are only used to ‘add information’. I argue that the evaluative role of such covert cues enables lawyers to step out of the interrogator/interrogated frame in order to secure certain alignments on the part of the defendant or witness; the success or failure of this strategy depends on the interpreter recognizing the pragmatic force of these cues and rendering it accurately into the target language.
Keywords: Courtroom interpreting; Institutional interaction; Recontextualization cues; Corpora
شاركت: 14 فبراير 2006
نشرات: 274
المكان: UK
ارسل: الاثنين مارس 06, 2006 6:31 am موضوع الرسالة: JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JOURNAL OF PRAGMATICS. SPECIAL ISSUE. TRANSLATION AND CONTEXT
Volume 38, Issue 3, March 2006
Editorial. Mona Baker. Translation and Context. Pages 317-320.
Mona Baker. Contextualization in translator- and interpreter-mediated events. Pages 321-337.
Abstract. The notion of context has been extensively invoked but rarely critiqued and elaborated in the study of translation and interpreting. This paper first explores recent thinking on the notions of context and contextualization in pragmatics and linguistic anthropology and examines the extent to which these notions have explicitly or implicitly informed current thinking on translation and interpreting. It then argues that closer attention to processes of contextualization in both the production and reception of translated texts and interpreted utterances can tell us much more about the goals and ideological positioning of participants than any static listing of contextual variables, however detailed and comprehensive. The discussion is supported by various examples of the way in which translators and interpreters frame their interaction with others.
Keywords: Translation; Interpreting; Power; Contextualization
Juliane House. Text and context in translation. Pages 338-358.
Abstract. While research on texts as units larger than sentences has a rich tradition in translation studies, the notion of context, its relation to text, and the role it plays in translation has received much less attention. In this paper, I make an attempt at rethinking the relationship between context and text for translation. I first review several conceptions of context and the relationship between text and context in a number of different disciplines. Secondly, I present a theory of translation which is to be understood as a theory of re-contextualization that explicates the relationship between context and text in its design and categorial scheme. Finally, I sketch a recent development in translation and multilingual text production, which may limit the scope of re-contextualization in translation.
Keywords: Text; Context; Translation; Re-contextualization theory
Ian Mason. On mutual accessibility of contextual assumptions in dialogue interpreting. Pages 359-373.
Abstract. The fundamental determinacy of linguistically encoded meaning has remained as a tacit assumption underlying much work in the study of interlingual interpreting and interpreter behaviour. When confronted with the real-time, on-line nature of interpreter-mediated crosscultural encounters, however, such a view rapidly becomes untenable and an alternative model of the retrieval and representation of meanings becomes necessary. Adopting a relevance theoretic account of interpreter-mediated communication but also drawing on some insights from conversation analysis, this article examines evidence of participant moves – and particularly interpreter moves – to show inferencing at work and the evolving, intra-interactional nature of context. Indeed, a central contention is that interpreters’ performance can provide explicit evidence of take-up, of the sense they make of others’ talk and how they respond to it, in a process of joint negotiation of contextual assumptions. However, whereas mutual accessibility of such assumptions would seem to be a precondition for establishing relevance, the evidence presented here suggests that divergent contexts may emerge among participants, even though the ‘speech-exchange system’ (Schegloff, 1999) of interpreter mediation appears to proceed in an unproblematic way.
Keywords: Underdeterminacy; Dialogue interpreting; Interaction; Inference; Response
Robin Setton. Context in simultaneous interpretation . Pages 349-389.
Abstract. Translation has recently been analysed in the terms of modern cognitive–pragmatic theory (relevance theory) as an interlingual interpretive use of language (Gutt, 1991/2000). But Gutt's account primarily addresses the principles and processes of text or written translation, where the displacement in time and place between the original communicator, the translator and her readers requires the translator to reconstruct the original informative intention, project the original and target addressees’ cognitive environment, and craft a stimulus according to the degree of interpretive resemblance sought. By contrast, oral translation, in particular simultaneous interpreting (SI), is performed in live situations in which the interpreter shares most of the manifest cognitive environment with the participants and is thus better able to project and control the contexts in which her addressees will process her utterances. Since the condition of simultaneity severely constrains the simultaneous interpreter's choice of stimulus, she relies heavily on this access to immediate context and her audience's inferential abilities. Text translators need time to project context and choose their stimuli, while in SI, access to live contexts compensates for temporal constraints. The paper concludes with a discussion on prospects for exploring patterns and possible biases in interlingual text and oral communication on this basis.
Keywords: Simultaneous interpreting; Translation; Context; Relevance; Resemblance; Fidelity
Luis Pérez González. Interpreting strategic recontextualization cues in the courtroom: Corpus-based insights into the pragmatic force of non-restrictive relative clauses. Pages 390-417.
Abstract. In recent decades, studies of the pragmatics of institutional interaction have enhanced our awareness of the ongoingly negotiated nature of context. In this paper, key concepts of the contextualization paradigm, adopted from socio-pragmatics, are outlined and subsequently discussed in the context of courtroom interpreting. Of particular interest here is the fact that interpreters are ethically constrained not to alter the pragmatics of the ongoing interaction, which ultimately presupposes their capacity to identify the contextualization cues with which different participants realign themselves as required. The paper focuses on the notion of ‘strategic’ or ‘covert recontextualization cues’, as illustrated by lawyers’ use of non-restrictive relative clauses. Data from two different corpora provide some evidence of the use of these structures as pragmatically consequential devices, thus challenging the commonly held assumption that non-restrictive relative clauses are only used to ‘add information’. I argue that the evaluative role of such covert cues enables lawyers to step out of the interrogator/interrogated frame in order to secure certain alignments on the part of the defendant or witness; the success or failure of this strategy depends on the interpreter recognizing the pragmatic force of these cues and rendering it accurately into the target language.
Keywords: Courtroom interpreting; Institutional interaction; Recontextualization cues; Corpora