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English Prepositions
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الكلمات الدلالية (Tags): لا يوجد
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_MD_RE: English Prepositions
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue">English Prepositions and Their Arabic Equivalents</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue">حروف الجر في اللغة الإنجليزية وترجمتها إلى العربية</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt"><p> </p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">حروف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">Prepositions </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">هي كلمات مثل </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at, in, on, to</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تستعمل هذه الحروف مع الأسماء(تسبق الأسماء ) أو الضمائر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ويكوّن حرف الجر والكلمة التي تأتي بعده ما يسمى في اللغة العربية بشبه جملة(جار ومجرور )<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ذهب الولد </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلى</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المدرسة </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The boy went </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">school </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">في اللغة الإنجليزية يكوّن حرف الجر كلمة منفصلة عن الاسم أو الضمير كما في المثال السابق<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>،أما في اللغة العربية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فإن حرف الجر يمكن أن يكون متصلا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بالاسم. لاحظ في المثال التالي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>حرف الجر "<span style="color: red">لــ</span>"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دائما يكون متصلا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مع الاسم في اللغة العربية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>:<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">اشترى محمد هدية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ل</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أبنه </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Mohammad bought a present </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">fo</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">r his son</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">لاحظ أن حرف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>"<span style="color: red">لــ</span>" ،<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وهو متصل مع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الاسم "ابن"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يقابله في الإنجليزية حرف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>"</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> " الذي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يكوّن كلمة منفصلة .<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>حرف الجر ليس له معنى منفصل بحد ذاته، ولكن وظيفته<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>هي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ربط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الكلمة التي تأتي بعده بباقي الجملة. <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">حرف الجر "</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>" <span style="color: red">of</span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> مثلا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يستعمل لربط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>اسمين لهما علاقة التبعية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، وعند<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الترجمة إلى العربية ، فإننا لا نجد حرف جر يقابله (في أغلب الأحيان).<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">أمثلة على ذلك</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">:-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أيام الأسبوع </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">days </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the week</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">رجل الكرسي <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">the leg </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the chair</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">ولكن في بعض التعبيرات يمكن أن يقابله حرف جر كما في المثال التالي:<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>كثير </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الأشياء <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">lots <u>of</u> things</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">في الجملة التالية:<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">الكتاب</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> على</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المنضدة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The book is </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the table</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">حرف الجر "</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يدل على<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>" </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">the table</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>هي مكان أو موقع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الكتاب " </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">the book</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>". أي أن حرف الجر يدل على الموقع أو المكان بربطه بين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>هذه الكلمات الموجودة في الجملة.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">لاحظ أيضا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الضمير الذي يتبع حرف الجر في اللغة الإنجليزية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يجب أن يكون<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>في حالة (المفعول به)<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">مثلا:<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أعطيته الكتاب( حرفيا أعطيت الكتاب </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إل</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">يه)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I gave the book </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> him</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">him"</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> " ضمير في حالة المفعول به<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">object </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، ولا نستطيع استعمال الضمير "</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">he</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>" ، بعد حرف الجر لأن "</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">he</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>"ضمير في حالة الفاعل </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">subject </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">حروف الجر في اللغة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الإنجليزية ليست كثيرة ، ولكن يصعب استعمالها وترجمتها إلى اللغة العربية، نظرا لاستعمالاتها المتعددة . أشرنا إلى أن حرف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>في اللغة الإنجليزية يصعب إعطاء مقابل له في اللغة العربية ، وأحيانا حرف الجر المستعمل في اللغة الإنجليزية بمعنى معيّن ، يقابله حرفا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مستعملا في اللغة العربية بمعنى آخر كما في المثال التالي:<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">وصل </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الميعاد </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He arrived </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> time</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">في هذا المثال حرف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مستعملا للدلالة على الزمان </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">time </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ويقابله في العربية حرف الجر "في" . ولكن هذا الحرف عادة يستعمل للدلالة على<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>المكان </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">place </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ويقابله في العربية حرف الجر "على"<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">الكتاب </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المقعد </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The book is </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the desk</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">وحرف الجر الذي يقابل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الحرف "<span style="color: red">في</span>" في اللغة الإنجليزية هو "</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وهو أيضا يستعمل للدلالة على الزمان والمكان ، وهنا يوجد تطابق بين اللغتين من حيث المعنى (<span style="color: red">في</span> = </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>) ،ولكن كما أشرنا تستعمل </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">بمعنى "<span style="color: red">في</span>" للدلالة على الزمان في اللغة الإنجليزية ومن هنا يأتي الخلط.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">فيما يلي سوف أتناول استعمالات حروف الجر في اللغة الإنجليزية ، محاولا إعطاء المقابل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>في اللغة العربية . ولكن يجب التنويه أننا نعطي معنى حرف الجر حسب الاستعمال<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، وليس معنى محددا. هذا يعني أن أي حرف من حروف الجر يأخذ معناه من السياق وليس بالضرورة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أن له معنى محدد<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يقابله في اللغة العربية. </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">About</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>1</span><span style="font-size: 16pt">.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">حول موضوع ما </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">هذا الكتاب </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">حول</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الاقتصاد<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">This book is </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">about</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> economics</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">تقريبا</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Last night I came back home </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">about</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> eleven <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">البارحة رجعت إلى البيت الساعة الحادية عشرة </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تقريبا</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Above<p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">أعلى من ، فوق<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The plane flew </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">above</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the clouds<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">طارت الطيارة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">فوق</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> السحاب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أكثر من</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I can't buy a car </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">above</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> 15 thousand Dinars<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لا أستطيع شراء سيارة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بأكثر من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> 15 ألف دينار</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Across<p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">عبر(خلال) ،من الجهة المقابلة<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We walked </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">across</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> <street w:st="on"><address w:st="on">Victory<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Square</address></street><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">مشينا </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">عبر</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ميدان النصر</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في الجهة المقابلة</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">My house is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">across</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the street<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">منزلي </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> (</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) الجهة المقابلة من<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الشارع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Afte</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">r<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt">1.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بعد،فيما بعد<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Mohammad came to visit me <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">after</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ten o'clock<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">جاء محمد لزيارتي </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بعد</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>العاشرة<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بعد في الترتيب<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The letter N comes </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">after</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the letter M in the alphabet<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">حرف النون يأتي </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بعد</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> حرف الميم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>في الحروف الهجائية</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">3.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">يتعقب، وراء، خلف<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The child is running </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">after </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">the dog<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يجري الطفل </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">وراء</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الكلب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">Against <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">ضد<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Stealing is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">against</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the law<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">السرقة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ضد</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> (أو </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">منافية لـ</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) القانون<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">على، قبالة <p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Don't lean </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">against</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the wall<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لا تتكئ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الحائط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Along<br /> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">طوال، عبر<p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I met him while I was walking </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">along</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> <street w:st="on"><address w:st="on">Benghazi Street</address></street><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">قابلته بينما كنت أمشي </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">عبر</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> شارع بنغازي</span><i><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Among</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بين ( مجموعة</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">)<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">My house is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">among</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the trees<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">منزلي بين الأشجار<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">لاحظ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>حرف الجر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يستعمل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أيضا بمعنى "<span style="color: red">بين</span>" ، ولكن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الفرق بينهما ، هو أن </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يعني "<span style="color: red">بين شيئين</span>" ، أما </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">among</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فيعني<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>" <span style="color: red">بين مجموعة من الأشياء</span>" ويكون </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">among</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> متبوعا باسم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>جمع. يستعمل حرف الجر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ليعني "<span style="color: red">بين مجموعة من الأشياء</span> " إذا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>نظر إلى هذه الأشياء بصورة مفردة ، كأن نقول <i>: </i><span style="color: blue">يمكنني مقابلتك </span><span style="color: red">بين</span><span style="color: blue"> الدروس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I can <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>meet you </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> classes</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>-------------------------------<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Dr. Bashir Shawish<p></p></span></p>د/ بشير محمد الشاوش -
_MD_RE: English Prepositions
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Around</span></strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">حول( يحيط من جميع الجوانب)</span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">There is a fence </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">around</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the house<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يوجد سور </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">حول</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المنزل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في جميع الأنحاء</span></strong><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Look </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">around</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the room and you'll find the missing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>keys<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أنظر </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">حول</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الغرفة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وسوف تجد المفاتيح<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>المفقودة</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">3. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">حوالي، تقريبا </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The price of this car is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">around</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> $10,000<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سعر هذه السيارة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span>10,000<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> دولارا </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تقريب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ا</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">At</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /> 1. <strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في مكان محدد</span><p></p></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I'll meet you </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the station<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">سوف أقابلك </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المحطة أو عند المحطة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">ولكن يجب ملاحظة أنه عندما نشير إلى<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مكان كمنطقة أو مساحة فإننا نستعمل حرف الجر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">عند وقت محدد</span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The programme starts </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> nine o'clock<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يبدأ البرنامج </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تمام</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة التاسعة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">عندما نريد الإشارة إلى فترة من النهار ، فإننا نستعمل حرف الجر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the morning<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>في الصباح<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the evening<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">في المساء</span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">3.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في حالة معينة </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The two countries have been</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> at</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> war for many years<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">الدولتان<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في حالة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> حرب منذ سنوات عديدة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">تجاه ،إلى<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He looked </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> me angrily<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">نظر </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلي</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ّ بغضب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">لاحظ أيضا أننا نقول<span style="color: blue">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="color: red">في</span><span style="color: blue"> العمل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> work</span><em><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span></em><span dir="rtl"></span><em><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">،<span style="color: red"> </span></span></span></em><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المدرسة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> school</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span> ، </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المستشفى </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the hospital</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span> ، </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> البيت </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> home </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">عند</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الظهر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> noon</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الليل </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> night <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><em><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Before</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong>1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">قبل (من ناحية الوقت أو الزمن)<em><p></p></em></span></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We have lunch </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">before</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> 2 o'clock in the afternoon<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">نتناول طعام الغذاء </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">قبل</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة الثانية بعد الظهر</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">قبل في الترتيب</span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">August comes </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">before</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> September <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">شهر أغسطس يأتي </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">قبل</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> شهر سبتمبر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Behind<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">3. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">وراء، خلف</span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The boy hid </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">behind</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the door<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">اختبأ الولد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">وراء</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الباب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">متأخر </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I need to catch up because I am </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">behind</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>in my work<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أريد أن ألحق لأنني </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">متأخر</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> بعملي</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Below<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">تحت، أقل من</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">تقع هولندا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تحت</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مستوى سطع البحر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Holland is situated </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">below</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> sea level</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Beneath<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">تحت</span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The cat sat </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">beneath </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">the table<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">جلس القط </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تحت</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الطاولة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">دون (المستوى)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">It is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">beneath</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> me to do that silly job <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">أنه </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">دون</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مستواي أن أقوم بذلك العمل السخيف<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Beside<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span>Besides)</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بجانب</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Ahmed sits </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">beside</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Mustafa in the class<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أحمد يجلس </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بجانب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مصطفي في الفصل</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Between</span></strong><em><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><p></p></span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">بين (<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بين شيئين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أو زمنين...الخ)</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Mohammad sat </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Hassan and Ahmed <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">جلس محمد </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بين</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>حسن وأحمد</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">لاحظ أن </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">among</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أيضا يعني "<span style="color: red">بين</span>"<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ولكنه يعني بين عدة أشياء ويكون متبوعا باسم جمع. يمكننا استعمال <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>للدلالة على "<span style="color: red">بين عدة أشياء</span>" إذا نظرنا إلى الأشياء الجمع أو المجموعة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بصورة مفردة أو فردا ،<em> </em>فرد<em>ا<span style="color: blue">؛</span></em><span style="color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>دائما نأخذ استراحة </span><span style="color: red">بين</span><span style="color: blue"> الدروس </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We always have a break </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">between</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> classes</span><em><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> <p></p></span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Beyond</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong> <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">يفوق (أكثر من)</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">What you did was<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">beyond</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> my expectations<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">ما فعلته </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">يفوق</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> توقعاتي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">By<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بقرب، عند</span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Ahmed lives </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">near</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the river<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أحمد يعيش</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> قرب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> النهر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بواسطة</span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><place w:st="on" /><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Fatima</span></place /><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> goes to work </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">by</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> car <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">تذهب فاطمة إلى العمل </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بواسطة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> السيارة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Concerning</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">يتعلق بـ</span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He knows everything </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">concerning</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> palm trees<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يعرف كل شيء </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">يتعلق ب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أشجار النخيل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Despite</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>رغم ، بالرغم من ، أو على الرغم من</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"> <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We arrived in time </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">despite</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the rain<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وصلنا في الوقت المناسب </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">رغم</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> / </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بالرغم من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المطر</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Down<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">من مستوى أعلى إلى مستوى أسفل</span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The boat sailed </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">down</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the river<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أبحر القارب </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلى المستوى المنخفض</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> من النهر</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">أبعد من (هذا المكان</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">)</span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The producer lives </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">down</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the street<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يعيش المخرج على هذا الشارع </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">أبعد من هنا بقليل</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">During</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">أثناء<p></p></span></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We fast </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">during</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the day in Ramadan<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">نصوم </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">أثناء</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> النهار في رمضان<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Except</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt"></span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">ماعدا<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He ate all of the apple </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">except</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the pips<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أكل التفاحة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ماعدا</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> البذور</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">For<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لمدة(فترة زمنية)<p></p></span></span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The lesson lasted </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> two hours<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أستمر الدرس لمدة ساعتين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">.<span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لــ ، لغرض</span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I bought a car </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> my son <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">اشتريت سيارة </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ل</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ولدي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">ملاحظة:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يستعمل حرف الجر<span style="color: red"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">مع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الأزمنة التامة(</span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">perfect tenses</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>) ويكون متبوعا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بفترة زمنية<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">period of time </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>كما في المثال التالي: <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I have been working on the computer </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> four hours</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أشتغل على الحاسب الآلي </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">لمدة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> أربع ساعات<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">From</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">من</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He came </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">from</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Tripoli</city /></place /><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أتى </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> طرابلس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt">2<span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">سبب, مسبب</span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He suffers </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">from</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> headaches<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يعاني </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">(</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بسبب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) الصداع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">In</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>1.<span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">في(مكان<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يكون له حدود ولو وهمية)</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يدرس</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> في</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> غرفته<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He studies </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> his room<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I live </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> Misurata <span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أعيش </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مصراتة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">في ( الوقت أو الزمن : الشهور والسنوات ولكن ليس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الوقت المشار إليه بالساعة)</span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We went to <place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" />Cairo</city /></place /> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">in</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> March of last year <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">ذهبنا إلى القاهرة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مارس<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>من السنة الماضية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>لاحظ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أننا للوقت المشار إليه بالساعة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>نستعمل </span></strong><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">In winter lectures start </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">at</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> nine in our faculty<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">في الشتاء تبدأ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>المحاضرات </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة التاسعة في كليتنا</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Inside</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في الداخل</span></strong><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Your brother is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">inside</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the house<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أخوك </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> داخل البيت</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Into</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 16pt">إلى الداخل</span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The boy went </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">into</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the room<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">دخل الولد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلى داخل </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">الغرفة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Like</span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">يشبه</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Ahmed looks </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">like</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> his father<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أحمد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">يشبه</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> أبيه<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Near</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><strong><span lang="AR-SA">قرب ، قريبا من</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA"> <p></p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Our house is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">near</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the school<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">منزلنا </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">قرب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>المدرسة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Of</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">ليس لها معنى محدد وإنما تستعمل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>لربط اسمين لهما علاقة معينة ، مثل الملكية أو التبعية أو إنها تدل على المكان أو القياس<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The man fell in the middle </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the road<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">سقط الرجل </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> منتصف الطريق<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I drank two cups </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> milk<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">شربت كوبين </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>الحليب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The leg </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the table is broken<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">رجل الكرسي مكسور<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Off</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong>1.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">عن<p></p></span></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Please keep </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">off</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the grass<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أبتعد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">عن</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> العشب</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">.<strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">عند مسافة معينة</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">You can see some islands </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">off</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the coast<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يمكنك رؤية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بعض الجزر </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على مسافة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> من الشاطئ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">On<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>على ، فوق (لدلالة على المكان</span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">) <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Sit </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> that chair<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أجلس </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ذلك الكرسي</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Look at that picture </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the wall<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أنظر إلى تلك الصورة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الحائط<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><place w:st="on" /><city w:st="on" /><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Salem</span></city /></place /><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> lives </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> <street w:st="on" /><address w:st="on">Benghazi Street</address></street /><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA">سالم يسكن<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span></p><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">( </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> )شارع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بنغازي</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> في (للدلالة على الزمان) </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We don't have classes </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> Friday<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">ليس لينا دروس(</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) يوم الجمعة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">3. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">حول</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span>(=about<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>)<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I read a book<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the ancient history of <place w:st="on" /><country-region w:st="on" />Libya</country-region /></place /><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">قرأت كتابا </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">حول</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> تاريخ ليبيا القديم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">حالة ، هيئة شيء ما </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The house was </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> fire for several hours<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">كانت النار </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">مشتعلة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> في المنزل لعدة ساعات</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt">5.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> بواسطة</span><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He lives </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">on</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> his salary only <span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">يعيش </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">مرتبه<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فقط</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Opposite</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">مقابل،<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مواجه</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> <p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The bookshop is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">opposite</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the Faculty of Arts<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">مكتبة مبيعات الكتب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في الجهة المقابلة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>لكلية الآداب</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">--------------------------<br />Dr.BashirShawish</span></p>د/ بشير محمد الشاوشتعليق
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_MD_RE: English Prepositions
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Out of<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">خارج</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He went </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">out of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the room an hour ago<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">خرج من الحجرة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>منذ </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ساعة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">من بين </span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I have seen five </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">out of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ten episodes<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">شاهدت خمس </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بين</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> عشر حلقات</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">3</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt">.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">سبب، غرض</span></span></b><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I gave it to him </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">out of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> kindness<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أعطيتها إياه </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بسبب (من قبيل</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) الشفقة أو الرحمة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يكون أو يصنع من (مادة)</span></span></b><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">This chair is made </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">out<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> plastic materials<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">هذا الكرسي مصنوع </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مواد بلاستيكية <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">5.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span></span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">beyond<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">ما وراء، تعدى (=</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Hassan was seriously ill but now he is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">out of</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> danger<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">حسن كان مريضا جدا ولكنه </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تعدى</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مرحلة الخطر الآن<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Outside</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">خارج</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">There is a car parking </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">outside</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>the house<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">هناك سيارة واقفة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">خارج</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> البيت<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Over<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">فوق</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The plane is flying </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">over</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the city<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">تطير الطائرة </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">فوق</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المدينة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أكثر من </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The price of this car is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">over</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ten thousand dollars<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">سعر هذه السيارة </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">أكثر من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">عشرة آلاف دولار</span></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt">3.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أثناء، خلال</span></span></b><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He came to see me<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>several times<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">over</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the past week<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أتى لرؤيتي(زيارتي) عدة مرات </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">خلال</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الأسبوع الماضي</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بواسطة ، على</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We discussed that matter </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">over</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the phone<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">ناقشنا ذلك الموضوع<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الهاتف<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Since</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">منذ</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">أنتظر الحافلة </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">منذ</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة العاشرة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I have been waiting for the bus </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">since</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>10 o'clock</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">ملاحظة : <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>يستعمل حرف الجر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">since</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مع الأزمنة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>التامة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">Perfect Tenses<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مثل المضارع التام </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">Present<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">Perfect Tense </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أو الزمن الماضي التام </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt">Past Perfect Tense</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ويجب ملاحظة أن حرف الجر </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>أيضا يستعمل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مع الأزمنة المذكورة هنا، إلاّ أن </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">since</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تكون متبوعة بنقطة بداية الحدث </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">point of time </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt">مثل <span style="color: blue">"السنة الماضية </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">last year"</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>"</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، "سنة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1990 "<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ولكن </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تكون <span style="color: blue">متبوعة بفترة زمنية</span> </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">period of time </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مثل <span style="color: blue">" سنتين </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">two years</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>، <span style="color: blue">ثلاث ساعات </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">three hours</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>"<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">لم أر أحمد </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">منذ</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سنة 2004<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I have not seen Ahmed </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">since</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> 2004<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">لم أر أحمد </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">لمدة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>سنتين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I haven't seen Ahmed </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">for </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">two years</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt"></span><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Through<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">من خلال ،خلال</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">To get there you need to go </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">through</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the town<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">لكي تصل إلى هناك عليك الذهاب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من خلال </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">المدينة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بواسطة</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">You can master English Grammar </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">through</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> practice<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left; tab-stops: 239.4pt"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">يمكنك إتقان قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">بواسطة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> التمرن</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Throughout<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1. <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">في كل مكان، إلى كل مكان </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">That man tells me that he has traveled </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">throughout</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <span style="color: blue">world<p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">يخبرني ذلك الرجل بأنه سافر </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلى <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>كل مكان </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">من العالم</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">طوال</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">It didn't rain<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>here </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">throughout</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> winter last year<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لم تمطر </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">طوال</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> فصل الشتاء<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>هنا السنة الماضية</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">To<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt">1.</span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="rtl"></span> في اتجاه <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Turn </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the right at the corner<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">در </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>(أو </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في اتجاه </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) اليمين<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>عند الزاوية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">نحو ، صوب</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I am going </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> <place w:st="on"><city w:st="on">Dubai</city></place><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أنا ذاهب</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> إلى</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> دبي<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">3.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> حتى</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left" align="right"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We work from 8 </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> 3:30 in the afternoon</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">نشتغل من الساعة الثامنة </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">حتى</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الساعة الثالثة والنصف بعد الظهر</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لـــ ، لأجل( يستعمل مع مفعول به غير مباشر)</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">He gave the book </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> me<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أعطاني الكتاب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">5.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> يستعمل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>مع الفعل في المصدر</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I want </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">to</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> go<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أريد أن أذهب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Toward (or Towards)<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> اتجاه</span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I saw him walking </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">toward </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">the building<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">رأيته يمشي </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في اتجاه </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">المبنى<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">قرب ( من ناحية الوقت)</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">ً </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We return home </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">toward</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the evening<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">نرجع إلى البيت </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">قرب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المساء</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Under</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">)</span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span>beneath<span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">تحت (=</span><p></p></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">There is a cat </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">under</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the tree<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">هناك قط </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تحت</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الشجرة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span>2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أقل من </span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">Under</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> fifty people attended the lecture</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><span dir="rtl"></span> أقل من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> خمسين شخصا حضروا المحاضرة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">3</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt">.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يستعمل أيضا في عدة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>تعبيرات بمعنى "قيد" أو "في حالة..."</span></span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">under repair<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">قيد<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>إصلاح<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The car is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">under</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> repair</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"> <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="color: blue">السيارة </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="color: red">في حالة</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="color: blue"> (أو </span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="color: red">قيد</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="color: blue"> ) الإصلاح<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">قيد المناقشة </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The project is </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">under</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> discussion<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">المشروع</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> قيد</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> المناقشة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Underneath<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">تحت </span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>(<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>=</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span>below, under),<p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فإنه يفيد أن الشيء يكون مغطى</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> underneath<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> ولكن في حالة حرف الجر <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The keys were </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">underneath </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">the carpet<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">كانت المفاتيح </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">تحت</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> السجادة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Until(=Till)</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">حتى (وقت معين)<p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The school year lasts </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">until</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> October<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">تستمر السنة الدراسية</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"> حتى</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> شهر أكتوبر<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Upon</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br />1.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>)على ، فوق </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>=on)<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></b><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">Put the book<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">upon</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the table <span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">ضع الكتاب </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الطاولة<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></b></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt">يستعمل في بعض التعبيرات مثل </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">once </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">upon</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> a time<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">في وقت </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">من</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الأوقات <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Up</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br />1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <b><span lang="AR-SA">إلى فوق<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>، إلى أعلى</span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><p></p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We went </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">up</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the stairs<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">ذهبنا(صعدنا) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">إلى أعلى</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> مع السلم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">في مكان أعلي</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">They<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>live </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">up</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>the mountain<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يعيشون </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">في أعلى</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الجبل<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">With <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">1.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">مع (المصاحبة)</span></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">They came </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> us to the cinema<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أتوا(حضروا) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">معنا</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> (رافقونا)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>إلى السينما<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">2.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يحوي</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">I bought a book </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> the map of the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>world<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">اشتريت كتابا<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">به</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">(</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">يحوي</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">) خريطة العالم<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">3.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بواسطة</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">A man can see </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> his eyes<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">الإنسان يرى </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">عينيه<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt">4.<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">أسلوب، طريقة ( في تعبيرات عدة</span></span><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> pleasure<span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">ب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">كل سرور </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> ease</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red"><span dir="rtl"></span> ب</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">سهولة</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 14pt">5.<span dir="rtl"></span><b><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بسبب، جراء</span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl"> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">We have been paralyzed </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">with</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> fear<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">قد أصبنا بالشلل </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">جراء</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> الخوف</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Within</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">خلال ، ضمن <p></p></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue">The manager will see you </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">within</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> five minutes<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">سوف يراك المدير </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red">خلال</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"> خمس دقائق<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-justify: kashida; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: justify; text-kashida: 0%"><span style="font-size: 16pt; color: red">Without</span><span style="font-size: 14pt"><br /><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl">بدون </span><p></p></b></span></p><p align="left"><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa">Don't go to the market </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: red; font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa">without</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa"> money<span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">لا تذهب على السوق </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red; font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa">بدون</span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa"> نقود<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> <br />----------<br />Dr.BashirShawish</span></span></p>د/ بشير محمد الشاوشتعليق
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_MD_RE: English Prepositions
Sorry. The subject of English Prepositions which I have just posted seems to be confused. I tried to send it in one go but I coudn't. Also , there was some cofusion in typing Arabic and English . Some of the English material appeared on the rioght. This is because of lack of experience in the use of computers. Sorry again. Any comments or corrections are welome.<br />________________<br />Dr.BashirShawishد/ بشير محمد الشاوشتعليق
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