كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

**soubiri** · 10-04-2006, 09:27 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Mellifluous (Adjective) <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o

referrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="width: 0.75pt; height: 7.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata o:href="http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/x.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\SARLBM~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\cli p_image001.png"></imagedata></shape>Pronunciation: [mê-'li-flu-wês]Definition 1: Pleasant to hear. Usage 1: This word, or its synonym, mellifluent, perfectly refers to someone speaking as though honey were dripping from the tongue, that is, speech approaches poetry: "I have never heard such mellifluous (mellifluent) Afrikaans in my life." Suggested usage: This word may be applied to any reference to perfectly, even poetically articulated language: "please translate the passage into idiomatic mellifluous Swahili"; "she spoke in mellifluous swells that bound her audience in a collective spell"; "he is a mellifluent persuader." An onomatopoetic word that will find widened application among those receiving yourDictionary's Word of the Day. Etymology: From Latin mellifluus "flowing or dripping with honey" (from mel 'honey' + flu-e-re "to flow") + us (Adj. ending). Latin mel is derived from the same Proto-Indo-European root at English mead "fermented honey" and flu- is a cognate of flow.

**soubiri** · 10-06-2006, 03:14 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Anachronism (Noun)<shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o

referrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="width: 0.75pt; height: 7.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata o:href="http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/x.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\SARLBM~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\cli p_image001.png"></imagedata></shape>Pronunciation: [ê-'næ-krê-ni-zêm]Definition 1: A person or thing chronologically misplaced, especially something or someone in a modern setting that belongs in a historically older one. Usage 1: Not to be confused with "achronism" ("an achronism") which means "timelessness or a lack of time." "Anachronism" has two related adjectives "anachronistic" [ê-næ-krê-'nis-tik] and "anachronous" [ê-'næ-krê-nês]. Suggested usage: Although the word refers to any misplacement in time, "Leonardo was a futuristic anachronism in his day," it more often refers to someone or something that is behind the times: "Evelyn's infatuation with the Revolution is one of many quaint anachronisms she harbors. In fact, she is something of an anachronism herself." The U.S. Electoral College is an anachronism from a time when democracy was less trusted than it is today. Etymology: Greek "anachronismos" from prefix ana- negation + chron "time" + izm-os nominal suffix.

**soubiri** · 10-07-2006, 09:16 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Tawdry (Adjective) <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o

referrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="width: 0.75pt; height: 7.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata o:href="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/us/pim/el/spc_eee1.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\SARLBM~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\cli p_image001.png"></imagedata></shape>Pronunciation: ['ta-dree or 'taw-dree]Definition 1: Cheap, showy and pretentious; indecent.Usage 1: Today's word has small family consisting of an adverb "tawdrily" and a noun, "tawdriness." "Tawdry" itself may also be used as a noun, as <city w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Richardson</place></city> used it when he wrote in 'Clarissa' (1747), "Only for the sake of having a little more tawdry upon his housings." Suggested usage: In general, we think of dressing tawdrily, but a person may behave tawdrily, too, "She was perfectly dressed for her tawdry flirtations with all the men at the party." In fact, tawdriness can appear anywhere: "They draped their entire premises with tawdry blinking decorations to celebrate the birth of their Lord." <span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa">Etymology:<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa"> The meaning of today's word reflects undeserved shame on its eponym. Etheldreda, the queen of Northumberland in the 7th century, rejected the pomp and circumstance of her station and moved to the Isle of Ely near <city w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Cambridge</place></city>, where she established a convent. As she lay dying of a throat tumor in 679, she declared her malady divine punishment for the vanity of her youth, when she was overly fond of neckwear. She was canonized as St. Audrey and the city of <city w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Ely</place></city> established an annual fair in her honor. In time, this fair became known for its cheap, frilly scarves, called, St. Audrey's lace. This _expression eventually degenerated to (Sain)t Audry lace and then the "lace" was dropped altogether and the remainder respelled as today's word.

**soubiri** · 10-08-2006, 09:18 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Semiotics (Noun) Pronunciation: [se-mi-'ah-diks]Definition 1: The study of signs and symbols or the interpretation of something as symbols. It may also refer to medical symptoms or the study thereof. Usage 1: The adjective is "semiotic" and someone who pursues such study is a semiotician. Unlike semantics, the study of the meaning of words, linguistic symbols in which a sound stands for some meaning, semiotics examines all the symbols in our lives for their meaning, especially as they are portrayed in literature. "Semiology" is another word used in the same meaning. Suggested usage: Although semiotic interpretations usually focus on literature, we are engaged in them all the time, "You have to know the semiotics of the boss's clothes: a dark tie means he is in a bad mood; a light-colored tie means he is happy, and an open collar means he is relaxed enough to discuss a raise with you." In "Genius and Goddess" Aldus Huxley wrote, "He kissed her—kissed her with an intensity of passion for which the semiotics and the absent-mindedness had left her entirely unprepared."<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-language: en-us">Etymology:<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-language: en-us"> Today's word comes from the adjective "semiotic" borrowed from Greek semeitikos "significant" from semeioun "to signal," a verb based on the noun sema "sign." The same root appears in "semantics" and "semaphore" but tracing it to roots elsewhere in Indo-European languages proves difficult.

**soubiri** · 10-09-2006, 08:08 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Piebald (Adjective) Pronunciation: ['pI-bald]Definition 1: Since few people bake hairy pies (intentionally) any more, this word obviously does not mean what it seems to mean; it means having patches of different colors, particularly black and white spots. It is used most frequently in reference to animals, as in "piebald magpie"—what does that make you think of? It is also used to refer to any motley mixture of mongrel qualities, as the English language, with words from almost every language on earth, is as piebald a language as ever there was. Usage 1: As you see from the definition, few words in English are more misleading than "piebald" ("magpie" being one that does). The qualitative noun is "piebaldness" and the adverb would be "piebaldly," were there a use for it. This adjective may itself be used as a noun to refer to a piebald horse or other animal as well as a verb meaning "acquiring patches of different colors."Suggested usage: As a metaphor, today's word is used mainly in the sense of a patchwork, "We have such a piebald array of attitudes on our team, it is difficult to complete tasks on time." But don't forget "piebald" also works as a verb, "First my head balded in my 50's, now my skin is piebalding."Etymology: From "pie," a derivative of Latin pica "magpie" + "bald" from "balled" in the sense of having been made look like a ball. [If you are about to eat, stop reading here.] "Magpie" itself is the shorter form of "maggot-pie." (You were warned.)

**soubiri** · 10-10-2006, 08:35 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Karaoke (Noun) <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o

referrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="width: 0.75pt; height: 7.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata o:href="http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/x.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\cli p_image001.png"></imagedata></shape>Pronunciation: [kah-rê-'o-kee]Definition 1: Singing live to an orchestral accompaniment provided electronically or the electronic equipment for providing such accompaniment and recording the mix of voice and orchestra. Usage 1: Today's word is not to be confused with "carioca" [kæ-ri-'o-kê], a native of Rio de Janeiro or a South American dance based on the samba. "Karaoke" is another lexical orphan with no other related words. (Don't miss the opportunity to meet other Word of the Day subscribers and discuss today's word in the YDC <a href="http://www.yourdictionary.com/cgi-bin/agora/agora.cgi" target="_blank">Agora</a>.)Suggested usage: Karaoke is most closely associated with the karaoke bars of Japan and elsewhere, where anyone with the courage can sing to the accompaniment of a professional orchestra: "Glynnis loves karaoke because she thinks bad accompanists kept her out of show business." Today's word hasn't expanded much metaphorically because of its newness but it already shows great promise: "Slim is a karaoke player: he thinks he is the star when, in fact, it is the team behind him that makes him look good."<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-font-family: arial">Etymology:<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-font-family: arial"> "Kara-oke" is a clipping (a shortening, like "doctor" > "doc") of kara o-ke-su-to-ra "empty orchestra" where "okesutora" is the Japanese pronunciation of "orchestra," borrowed from English. Clipping also applies to "Makudonarudo" (MacDonald's), shortening it simply to "Makku." As for "kara" it is also found in kara-shuchou "empty business trip," a business trip one doesn't make but collects the expenses for, and "karate" from the Japanese phrase kara te "empty hand." Japanese phonology (sound system) differs from those of European languages in two interesting ways. First, all syllables must end on a vowel and not on any consonant except [n]. Second, all syllables must begin with a simple consonant, not a consonant cluster like [st] or [pr]. So, "McDonalds" becomes "Makudonarudo" in Japanese and "baseball" is pronounced "besubaru" [be-su-ba-ru] to avoid the [sb] cluster and final [l] in [beysbal].

**soubiri** · 10-12-2006, 01:51 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Crepuscular (Adjective) Pronunciation: [krê-'pês-kyu-lê(r)]Definition 1: Pertaining to crepuscule, twilight; dim or weak in terms of visibility. Usage 1: Today's word is an adjective more appealing than the noun (crepuscule) it is derived from. "Twilight" certainly is a more beautiful way to describe the light at dusk than "crepuscule" but "crepuscular" has its charms. Suggested usage: Today's word should come to mind in any situation characterized by dimness: "I'm afraid that reading the fine print of this contract demands too much of my crepuscular vision." The term fits many other legal situations, too, "Your honor, in the crepuscular light of the bar, it was easy to mistake my wallet for the wallet of the guy sitting next to me." The judge's vision would have to be crepuscular for him to not see through that excuse. Etymology: Latin crepusculum "twilight," diminutive of creper "dark." The suffix -ul- is found in several other borrowings from Latin, e.g. "homunculus" and "miniscule." The origin of the root crep- is unclear but it might be related to the cor- "bellow, squawk" of cornix "crow" and corvus "raven" (akin to English "crow" and "to crow") if it acquired an association with darkness because of the color of these birds. However, the semantic relation cannot be established unequivocally.

**soubiri** · 10-13-2006, 03:38 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

**soubiri** · 10-14-2006, 08:42 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

**soubiri** · 10-16-2006, 12:14 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Attaint (Verb) Pronunciation: [ê-'teynt]Definition 1: To disgrace, sully, or taint something or someone's reputation. Originally, the act of attainting meant conviction of a crime but later it was used to refer to conviction by legislation without benefit of trial. Usage 1: Today's word is used almost exclusively in connection with the term "bill of attainder," a legislative act that pronounces a person or group of people guilty of a capital crime (usually treason) without a trial. A person so designated is subject to capital punishment, confiscation of all property, and a prohibition against inheritance. Since a bill of attainder violates the separation of powers (judicial versus legislative), such acts are prohibited by the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 9, paragraph 3). Suggested usage: You may use the verb to occasionally relieve "sully" and "disgrace" of their duties: "Nothing you can say can attaint the reputation of our president these days." There may even be ways to use "bill of attainder" metaphorically: "This department has a bill of attainder against me—I am blamed for everything that goes wrong here." Etymology: Old French "ataint" past participle of ataindre "to affect, convict." Originally, "attaint" was the past tense of "attain" but subsequently became a word unto itself used only the negative sense. "Taint" is an aphetic (dropping an initial vowel) form of "attaint" in its new sense. Originally, the past participle of Latin attingere "touch upon, attack" from ad- "to" + tangere "to touch" from the nasalized form of *tag- "touch" which also underlies "tangible," "tangent" and, without [n], "tax," as when the government 'touches' you for a few bucks. "Contaminate" is from Latin contaminare: con- "together" + tag-men- (suffixed form of *tag-) "contact" + are.

**soubiri** · 10-18-2006, 11:40 AM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Testimony (Noun) Pronunciation: ['tes-tê-mo-nee]Definition 1: (1) The account of a witness, especially in a court procedure; (2) evidence in general; (3) a public declaration of a religious experience.Usage 1: The plural of today's word is "testimonies" and the verb underlying it is "testify." However, the person who testifies is a witness rather than a testifier. Suggested usage: Although the legal application of this word is most commonly encountered, the metaphoric uses are much more touching, "The tall, toppling chimney bore mute testimony of the mansion that once stood on the spot." We see this type of testimony all around us: "Sarah Bellum's new mink coat was telling testimony to the size of the raise she had received."Etymology: This word comes to us from Old French testimonie (current French témoin "witness") from Latin "testimonium," made up of testis "witness" and, possibly, a noun from monere "to remind." "Testis," believe it or not, comes from the same root as Latin tri "three," also the origin of our "three." It was originally a compound noun rather like *tri-sta-i- meaning, roughly, "third person standing by," with the *sta- root found in English "stand" and "stead." How the meaning of the Latin word wandered off to its current sense in English is one of the great unsolved mysteries of etymology.

**soubiri** · 10-19-2006, 12:19 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Appellation (Noun) Pronunciation: [æ-pê-'ley-shên]Definition 1: (1) A name or title; (2) the legally trademarked name of a wine that authenticates the type of vine and district where the wine originates. Usage 1: Here is another of those words, like "accommodation," with a double set of double letters—remember them. It has an adjectival and adverbial offspring, "appellative" and "appellatively," respectively. Suggested usage: Before handing in that term paper on the geology of the Eastern United States, remember that there are no <place w:st="on" /><placename w:st="on" />Appellation</placename /> <placetype w:st="on" />Mountains</placetype /></place /> there. This leads to considerable embarrassment among college students, especially those in their freshman year. There is a chain of mountains in the eastern US with the appellation 'Appalachian.' Doubt remains as to whether Saddam Hussein deserved the appellation of president of a people he periodically slaughtered. Etymology: In sense 2, this word has been reduced from the French phrase appellation (d'origine contrôlée) "trade name (of controlled origin)." The word itself was borrowed via Old French from Latin "appellatio(n)," the noun from appellatus, the past participle of appellare "to drive to, admonish, entreat." This verb is a combination of ad "(up) to" + pellare "to push, hurl, beat, propel." The past participle of this verb is "pulsus" from which we retrieved "pulse." The same root came directly into Old English as an-fealt "anvil," i.e. something beaten on. It is also the origin of the noun "felt," which is made by beating or compressing fibers rather than weaving them.

**soubiri** · 10-21-2006, 03:05 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Germane (Adjective) Pronunciation: [jêr-'meyn]Definition 1: Closely related, relevant, pertinent, apposite. Usage 1: Today's word is related to English german "having the same parents or grand-parents," as in "brother-german," "sister-german," "cousin-german." A sister-german is the contrary of a step-sister. The current meaning of the word with the final [e] is but a short hop from the meaning of "most closely related by kinship." Suggested usage: Today's word refers to a stronger relation than does "pertinent" or "relevant." Raising pigs for their skin might be pertinent to a discussion of <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">US</place></country-region> football since footballs are made from pigskin but hardly germane. Quarterbacks, field goals, and end runs are, however, quite germane to any discussion of football. So, would a discussion of the word "German" be germane here? Apparently, not. The English name for the Germans apparently comes from an accidentally similar Latin word, perhaps itself borrowed from Celtic. Etymology: Ultimately from Latin germanus "own, fully related," based on germen "offshoot." The root here, germ-, underwent an interesting change frequently seen in language called "dissimilation." It was originally the same *gen- that gave us "generate," "genus" from Latin and "kin," "kind" and German "Kind" from Old Germanic. But when the suffix –men was added to the root to make *gen-men-, the [n] and the [m] didn't get along because both are nasals, i.e. pronounced through the nose. (Hold your nose and pronounce them; you should get [d] and [b], as you do when your nose is stopped up from a cold.) Anyway, the [m] forced the [n] to become a dissimilar [r] to remain next to it, hence *ger-men from *gen-men.

**soubiri** · 10-23-2006, 11:39 AM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Malaise (Noun) Pronunciation: [mê-'leyz]Definition 1: A vague sense of physical illness or mental dispiritedness. Usage 1: "Malaise" is an orphan with no lexical relatives, no adjective or verb—not even a plural. It is a convenient way around the widely misused word, "funk" (including "blue funk") which itself should refer to a state of paralyzed fear but is becoming a term of aesthetics (art and music) with an almost indeterminate meaning. Suggested usage: Contemporary society, no matter what the century, always suffers some sort of spiritual or societal malaise until forgotten and its era hailed as "the good old days." According to Rabbi Eugene Borowitz of <place w:st="on"><placename w:st="on">Hebrew</placename> <placename w:st="on">Union</placename> <placetype w:st="on">College</placetype></place>, "The peculiar malaise of our day is air-conditioned unhappiness, the staleness and stuffiness of machine-made routine." The word works just as well with individuals, though, "My dog, Porky, is suffering from a worrisome malaise: he hasn't chased a cat for a week and the squirrels come down the trees just to jeer him." <span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial">Etymology:<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial"> From French malaise "discomfort, uneasiness" based on mal "bad, badly" + aise "ease" (cf. English "dis-ease"). "Mal" comes from Latin malus "bad" also found in malevolence "ill-intent," "malign," "malignant," and malaria, originally meaning "bad air." "Aise" came from Old French Old French aise "elbowroom, opportunity," probably a descendant of Vulgar Latin ansatus "having handles, arms akimbo."

**soubiri** · 10-26-2006, 04:19 PM

_MD_RE: كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

Prolepsis (Noun) <shapetype id="_x0000_t75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f" filled="f" o

referrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><stroke joinstyle="miter"></stroke><formulas><f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></f><f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></f><f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></f><f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></f><f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></f><f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></f><f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></f><f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></f></formulas><path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></path><lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></lock></shapetype><shape id="_x0000_i1025" style="width: 0.75pt; height: 7.5pt" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""><imagedata o:href="http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/x.gif" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\SARLBM~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\cli p_image001.png"></imagedata></shape>Pronunciation: [pro-'lep-sis]Definition 1: Today's word is about bringing the future into the present not with technology but through language. "Prolepsis" means: (1) the presentation of a future potentiality as an accomplished fact, (2) a response to criticism in advance of hearing it, and (3) placing a redundant descriptive phrase, that refers to a term in the middle of the sentence, at the head of the sentence. Usage 1: Here is something else you do all the time but probably did not know what to call it. Have you ever said, "I'm out of here!" Then you have committed prolepsis by representing a potentiality as an accomplished fact. Has anyone ever told you, "If you touch my beer, you're toast!" They are not lying, even though you are not toast at the time, but they are displaying their proleptic (the adjective) side. (The hyperbole may be a tad overdone in this one, too.) Suggested usage: How about this: "I know we will have to work harder with this plan, but the benefits outweigh the sacrifices." This, too, is prolepsis, for it anticipates criticism before the criticism occurs. Finally, both last and least, grammatical prolepsis is frowned upon by grammarians and for that reason it occurs more often in speech than in written English: "That fellow from the finance office, I saw him helping hitch your car to the tow truck." It may seem as though this sentence contains a spurious and redundant "him" when, in fact, the focus of the sentence has been extracted and placed front if not center for emphasis. <span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa">Etymology:<span style="font-size: 10pt; color: blue; font-family: verdana; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "times new roman"; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa"> Late Latin prolepsis from Greek prolambanein "to anticipate" based on pro- "before" + lambanein, lep- "to take." The Greek root is ostensibly akin to English "latch" but few other relationships have been established.

كلمة اليوم Word of the Day

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

تعليق

إحصائيات Arabic Translators International _ الجمعية الدولية لمترجمي العربية