اللغات الجزيرية عند الأوائل

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  • عبدالرحمن السليمان
    عضو مؤسس، أستاذ جامعي
    • May 2006
    • 5731
    #1

    اللغات الجزيرية عند الأوائل

    اللغات الجزيرية عند الأوائل

    [align=justify]
    نخصص هذه الصفحة لملاحظات علمائنا الأوائل في اللغات الجزيرية تمهيدا لجمعها. وندعو الزملاء والزميلات ممن قرأ ملاحظة عن أو إشارة إلى هذه اللغات في كتب الأوائل أن يتفضلو ويذكروها هنا مشكورين.

    ونبتدأ بملاحظة لابن القيم (في كتاب جلاء الأفهام ..، الجزء الأول، الصفحة 197):

     اللغة العبرية وهي قريبة من العربية بل هي أقرب لغات الأمم إلى اللغة العربية وكثيرا ما يكون الاختلاف بينهما في كيفية أداء الحروف والنطق بها من التفخيم والترقيق والضم والفتح وغير ذلك واعتبر هذا بتقارب ما بين مفردات اللغتين..

     فإن العرب يقولون (لا) والعبرانيين تقول (لو) فيضمون اللام ويأتون بالألف بين الواو والألف.

     وتقول العرب (قدس) ويقول العبرانيون (قدش).

     وتقول العرب (أنت) ويقول العبرانيون (أنا).

    وتقول العرب (يأتي) ويقول العبرانيون (يوتى) فيضمون الياء ويأتون بالألف بعدها بين الواو والألف.

    وتقول العرب (قدسك) ويقول العبرانيون( قد شخا).

    وتقول العرب (منه) ويقول العبرانيون (ممنو).

    وتقول العرب (من يهوذا) ويقول العبرانيون (مِهوذا).

    وتقول العرب (سمعتك) ويقول العبرانيون (شمعيخا).
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    الكلمات الدلالية (Tags): لا يوجد
    • عبدالرحمن السليمان
      عضو مؤسس، أستاذ جامعي
      • May 2006
      • 5731
      #2
      المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة عبدالرحمن السليمان

      اللغة العبرية وهي قريبة من العربية بل هي أقرب لغات الأمم إلى اللغة العربية

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      <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]-->[align=justify]يذكرني كلام ابن القيم المقتبس أعلاه بكلام اللغوي اليهودي مروان بن جناح القرطبي (كتاب اللمع، الصفحة 5)، وهو يدافع عن منهجه في شرح ما غمض من التوراة من خلال مقارنة الكلمات العبرية بالعربية وشرحها من العربية. يقول:

      "وما لم أجد عليه شاهدا مما ذكرته ووجدت الشاهد عليه من اللسان العربي لم أتحرّج من الاستشهاد بواضحه ولم أتحرج من الاستدلال بظاهره كما يتحرّج من ضعفَ علمُه وقلَّ تمييزُه من أهل زماننا لا سيما من استشعر منهم التقشف وارتدى بالتدين مع قلة التحصيل لحقائق الأمور. وقد رأيت سعديا[1] يترجم اللفظة الغريبة بما يجانسها من اللغة العربية. وقد رأيت الأوائل وهم القدوة في كل شيء يستشهدون على غريب لغتنا بما جانسه من غيرها من اللغات فتراهم يفسرون كتب الله من اللسان اليوناني والفارسي والعربي والإفريقي وغيره من الألسن؟ فلما رأينا ذلك منهم لم نتحرّج [من الاستشهاد] على ما لا شاهد عليه من العبراني<sup><sup>[2]</sup></sup> بما وجدناه موافقا ومجانسا له من اللسان العربي إذ هو أكثر اللغات بعد السرياني شبهًا بلساننا. وأما اعتلاله وتصريفه ومجازاته واستعمالاته فهو في جميع ذلك أقرب إلى لساننا من غيره من الألسن، يعلم ذلك من العبرانيين الراسخون في علم لسان العرب، النافذون فيه وما أقلهم"!
      --------------------------------------------------

       <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%"> [1] سعيد بن يوسف الفيومي وهو من أهم أحبار اليهود في التاريخ.

      [2] أي غريب التوراة.


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