ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

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  • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
    عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
    • May 2006
    • 469
    #61
    _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

    <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red">الترجمة المقترحة للنص الثاني:</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"> الأستاذ عبد الله<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">- "سيظل": معنى هذه الكلمة يختلف عن (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">Palestinians</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="color: blue"> are to </span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">be</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، ولو أعدنا ترجمتها إلى اللغة الإنجليزية اعتمادا على ما يسمّى الترجمة العكسية (</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="color: blue">back translation</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>) _وهي طريقة من الطرق التي تُستخدم للتأكد من مدى دقّة الترجمة_ لكانت (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">Palestinians</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"> </span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">will</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"> </span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">remain</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span>). <p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- "بضعة": هذه الكلمة تشير إلى عدد محدود من 3 إلى 9، في حين أن "بعض" تشير إلى عدد قليل ولكن غير محدّد.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- "كما": ليست كلمة مناسبة لربط هذه الجملة بما سبقها لأنها تفيد العطف أو النّسق على ما سبقها من جمل. وهي لا تستقيم في بداية هذه الجملة لأنّ ما يفعله الإسرائيليون لا "يتناسق" إطلاقا مع ما يفعله الفلسطينيون.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- "القوات...": سبق التعليق عليها.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- "تزويدهم":<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>سبق التعليق عليها.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- "توخي الحذر": سبق التعليق عليها.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">- لا أعتقد أن كلمة "حراسة" تناسب السياق الذي وردت فيه، وأرى أن "حماية/حفاظ/ذود" تؤدي المعنى الأصلي بشكل أدقّ.<p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">- "... يضطر الإسرائيليين </span><b><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">إلى</span></u></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"> أخذ الحيطة والحذر ...": لقد أصبتَ واستخدمتَ الحرف المناسب بعد "اضطر"، ولكنك لم تشر (في جزء "أخطاء إملائية/لغوية في نص الترجمة") إلى أن استخدام "<font color="#ff0000"><strong>لـ</strong></font>" خطأ.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 12pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: en-gb; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><font size="5">ترجمتك طيبة يا أستاذ عبد الله لو أنك تدقّق أكثر قليلا في معاني بعض الكلمات قبل أن تختارها لترجمتك.</font></span>
    د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
    لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
    فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

      تعليق

      • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
        عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
        • May 2006
        • 469
        #62
        _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

        <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red">الترجمة المقترحة للنص الثاني:</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"> الأستاذ سالم<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">ملاحظة عامة: تصرّفت كثيرا في الترجمة إلى درجة أنك جعلتها أقرب إلى "<u>التفسير</u> أو الشرح" للنص الأصلي منها إلى "<u>الترجمة</u>". لاحظ مثلا العبارات التالية: (</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">إغماض أجفانهم</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"، "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">يبقون أعينهم مفتوحة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"، "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">تضيق الخناق</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"، "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">ليس عليهم تجاهل كلاب الحراسة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"، "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">للنيل من أعدائهم</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"، "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">ممّا يجبر</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">"</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">). إنها كلها شرح أكثر منها ترجمة. وللعلم هناك نوع من أنواع الترجمة يسمّى "الترجمة التفسيرية"، ولكنها ترجمة لها شروطها وظروفها وسياقاتها الخاصة.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">• ورغم ذلك فقد اهتديتَ إلى ترجمة كلمة مهمة لم يهتدِ إليها سواك، وهي ترجمة (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">their </span><b><span dir="ltr" style="color: red; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">land</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) بـ"</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red">أرضهم</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">". ولا يُعقل أن يكون معناها في النص الأصلي "أراض" شخصية، إذ أن الفلسطينيين يدافعون عن أرضهم الفلسطينية، عن وطنهم وبلدهم وليس فقط عن الأراضي التي يمتلكونها شخصيا. ولستُ أدري إن كنت توصلتَ إليها بعد إمعان للتفكير أو بمحض الصدفة، إذْ أنك لم تشر إليها ضمن أخطاء الترجمة. وعلى كل حال فقد أصبتَ وحدَك في هذه، وهي نقطة مهمة في رصيدك<img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e398ff7b.gif" />.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue"><font size="5">يمكن لترجمتك أن تكون قيمة يا أخ سالم لو ترسّخ لديك الفرق بين شرح النص وترجمته.<p></p></font></span></p>
        د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
        لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
        فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

          تعليق

          • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
            عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
            • May 2006
            • 469
            #63
            _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

            <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">من خلال ترجمتك المقترحة يبدو أن لك قدرات معتبرة في الترجمة يا أخت سارة، ولم أقصد بذلك رفع معنوياتك، فأنا لا أعرف عن معنوياتك شيئا،<img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e7853679.gif" /> وإنما أبديتُ فيك رأياً من خلال ترجمتِك.</span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><br />إنني لا أرفض المجادلة إذا كان الرأي المجادَلُ بشأنه مدعوما بحجج لا تجعل الجدال يطول. أما إذا كان الجدال من أجل الجدال فهو مضيعة للوقت والجهد ومحرقة للأعصاب. لا ينبغي أن نجادل مثلا في خيارات الكاتب الإنجليزي ما لم تكن فيها أخطاء "قطعية الثبوت والدلالة". <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ومع هذا، قد تحتمل الجملة التي "صوّبها" الأستاذ مازن ثلاثة أزمنة: المضارع البسيط (</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">besiege</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) والماضي المجرّد (</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">besieged</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)، وهو الزمن الذي استخدمه الكاتب الإنجليزي، والمضارع التام (</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">have besieged</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) الذي اقترحه الأستاذ مازن. إلا أنّ المضارع التام (</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">present perfect</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) في اللغة الإنجليزية يفيد (أ) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي القريب أو (ب) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي ولا يزال متواصلا حتّى زمن التكلـّم، وفي هذه الحالة عادة ما يكون متبوعا بـ(</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">for+a period of time</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) أو بـ(</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">since+a point in time</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)، مثال: <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span></span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 18pt 10pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">-</span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 7pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">         </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">(</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">I have been in the UAE </span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">for</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"> <u>one and a half years</u></span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>).</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 18pt 10pt 0cm; direction: rtl; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>-</span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 7pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">         </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">(</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">I have been in the UAE </span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">since</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"> <u>September 2006</u></span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>).</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"></span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-GB" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>وبما أن المترجم </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: en-us">_سامحه الله_ </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">لم يشر إلى المرجع الذي استقى منه هذا النص، فإننا نفترض أنه قد نقله كما هو باستثناء _طبعا_ الأخطاء المطبعية الواضحة. </span></strong><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ونظرا لأن الجملة تحتمل الأزمة الثلاثة، فإننا يمكن أن نفترض أن المترجم: (1) نقل الزمن كما هو "</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">besieged</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>"، أو (2) أنه أضاف "</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">d</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>" إلى الأصل "</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">besiege</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>" فأصبح في الزمن الماضي "</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">besieged</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>"، أو (3) أنّه سها عن "</span></strong><strong><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: fr">have</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>" فأسقطها أثناء الطباعة. كل هذه الافتراضات ممكنة، إلا أنني أرى أن سياق النص واستخدامات المضارع التام لا ترجّح الافتراض الثالث. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">وهكذا فرأي الأستاذ مازن خطأ يحتمل الصواب، ورأيي صواب يحتمل الخطأ</span></strong><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"></span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>. <img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e398ff7b.gif" /><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">لا أعتقد أن تشتعل بيننا "داحس والغبراء" لأن كلانا ينتمي إلى قبيلة واحدة وهي قبيلة "ترجماء" <img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e5e7563a.gif" />.</span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-language: en-us">وشكرا لك على رأيك الإيجابي في التوانسة والمغاربة. ولكنّ صراحتنا أحيانا "تعوّر" كما يصفها أحد الإخوة الإماراتيين. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ansi-font-size: 12.0pt"><p></p></span></strong></p><p></p>
            د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
            لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
            فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

              تعليق

              • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
                عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
                • May 2006
                • 469
                #64
                _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                <font color="#0000ff" size="5"><br />سأعرض على حضراتكم تقييمي لهذا النص الثاني هذه الليلة، ثمّ أنشر النص الثالث غدا إن شاء الله، فإلى اللقاء.<br /><br /><br />*(شكرا للجندي الخفي <img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e398ff7b.gif" />على عمله السريع المُتقن)*</font>
                د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
                لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
                فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

                  تعليق

                  • صورة الزائر الرمزية
                    #65
                    _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                    <h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">اولا يا اخي انا لا أتكلم عن النص, ولكن نقطة نقاشي الوحيدة هي انك عندما سألتك عن:<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">اذا كان استخدام المضارع التام غير صحيح, واستخدام الماضي المجرد استخدام صحيح وذلك</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ليدل على ان "إخوتنا في فلسطين محاصرون منذ "الماضي البعيد" وليس في الاونة الاخيرة</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقط . فكيف تكون الجملة لو افترضنا جدلا ان الحصار قد انتهى؟<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">الن تكون الجملة ادناه هي المستخدمة</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span>:<br />Israeli troops who besieged all the villages and towns in the <place w:st="on" />West</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span>؟<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقلت:<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">لن تكون الجملة كذلك بل هكذا<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%"><span dir="ltr"></span>(</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%">The</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%"> Israeli troops who </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%">had</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%"> besieged all..)</span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%"><p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ونقاشي معك هو ان الماضي التام لا يستخدم الا عندما يكون هناك فعلان حدثا في الماضي ,وأحد هذين الفعلين حدث قبل الاخر, مثال:<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%"><font color="#ff0000">She <font color="#660000">had left</font> before I </font><font color="#0000ff">arrived<p></p></font></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">اما استخدامك لزمن الماضي التام ليدل على ان الفعل حدث في الماضي وانتهى فهو استخدام خاطئ تماما, وان كان لك مرجع يقول بقولك, فأرشدني اليه, او انقل لنا ما ورد فيه.<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><p> </p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">والجملة الصحيحة التي توضح ان الفعل قد وقع وانتهى فهي:<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr">Israeli troops who besieged all the villages</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><p> </p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">تقول :<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'">إلا أنّ المضارع التام (</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'; mso-ansi-language: fr">present perfect</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span>) في اللغة الإنجليزية يفيد (أ) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي القريب أو (ب) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي ولا يزال متواصلا حتّى زمن التكلـّم, وفي هذه الحالة عادة ما يكون متبوعا بـ(</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'; mso-ansi-language: fr">for</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'; mso-ansi-language: fr">+a period of time</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span>) أو بـ(</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'; mso-ansi-language: fr">since</span><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'; mso-ansi-language: fr">+a point in time</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، <p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'">اقول:<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'">بالنسبة للنقطة (ب) فهي ماينطبق على الفسطينيين تماما حيث ان الحصار بدأ في الماضي ولا يزال الى الان وبهذا يكون استخدامي للمضارع التام استخداما صحيحا. <p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'">أما بالنسبة لـ </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'">since </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'">for</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span> فأنت قلت "عادة" وليس دائما, فقد تكون هذه الحالة التي وردت في النص من الحالات التي لم ترد فيها </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'">since </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'simplified arabic'">for</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><span dir="rtl"></span>.<p></p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'times new roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'times new roman'"><p> </p></span></h2><h2 class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr" style="mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><p> وشكرا<img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e5e7563a.gif" /><img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e5e7563a.gif" /><img alt=" " src="http://www.wataonline.net/site/uploads/smil3dbd4e5e7563a.gif" /></p></span></h2><h2></h2>

                      تعليق

                      • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
                        عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
                        • May 2006
                        • 469
                        #66
                        _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                        <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">تقييم النص رقم</span></u></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> (</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">2</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">)</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">: </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></b></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><p></p></span></p><table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><font size="5">Source Text<p></p></font></span></b></p></td><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: center" align="center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><font size="5">Target Text<p></p></font></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="5"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">The </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background: aqua; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-ansi-language: en-us">Palestinians</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> are to be always <b>watchful</b>. They <b>watch</b> the Israeli troops from some <b>watchtowers</b>. The Israeli troops who besieged all the villages and towns in the <place w:st="on">West Bank</place> and Gaza Strip ask every Palestinian to give a certain <b>watchword</b> before he is allowed to pass. At the same time</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="background: aqua; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-ansi-language: en-us">,</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> Palestinians have to be aware of the Israeli <b>watchdogs</b>. But they <b>watch their own time</b> to attack their enemies. They do their best to <b>keep watch</b> over their land. The Israeli soldiers are obliged to <b>watch their own steps</b>. At the same time, they <b>watch for a chance</b> to attack the Palestinians. Now</span><b><span style="background: aqua; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">,</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> the Palestinians <b>watch their cause </b>at the </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background: aqua; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: aqua; mso-ansi-language: en-us">UN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">. <p></p></span></font></p></td><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="background: yellow; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-ansi-language: en-us">على</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> الفلسطينيين أن يكونوا يقظين دائما، فهم يراقبون <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">القوات الإسرائيلية</span> من بعض أبراج المراقبة، <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">و</span>يطلب </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="ltr"></span>[<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">نقص</span>]</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الإسرائيليون الذين يحاصرون <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">جميع</span> قرى ومدن الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة من كل فلسطيني ذكر كلمة سر <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">(مرور)</span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">[<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">نقص</span>]</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> قبل أن <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">يسمح</span> له بالمرور، و</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">[<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">نقص</span>]</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">على الفلسطينيين أن يحترسوا من كلاب الحراسة، و</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: black; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">[<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">نقص</span>] </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="background: yellow; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-ansi-language: en-us">هم</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> يتحينون الفرصة المناسبة <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">لكي يهاجموا</span> أعداءهم، <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">وهم</span> يبذلون قصارى جهدهم <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">من أجل</span> <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">حراسة</span> أراضيهم<span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">؛</span> ولذلك فإن</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">[<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">نقص</span>]<span style="color: blue"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الإسرائيليين مضطرون </span><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="background: yellow; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ل</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="background: yellow; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-highlight: yellow; mso-ansi-language: en-us">أن يكونوا حذرين</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">، وفي نفس الوقت يتحينون <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">الفرص</span> <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">لكي يهاجموا</span> الفلسطينيين<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">،</span> هذا ويتابع الفلسطينيون قضيتهم الآن في الأمم المتحدة. <p></p></span></font></p></td></tr></table><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">- الفاصلة التى تلي (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">Now</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) اختيارية وليست إجبارية.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">- نظرا إلى أن (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">UN</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) أصبحت (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">acronym</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) أي أنها نوع من الاختصارات التي تُعامَلُ معاملة الكلمة، فلا داعي للنقطة بعد الحرف الأول، مثال</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">US or USA/UAE/KSA, etc</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>).<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">- تردد استخدام كلمة (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">watch</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) في هذا النص عدّة مرات ولكن بمعان مختلفة، لأن المتحكـّم الحقيقي في معنى الكلمة عموما هو السياق والكلمات المصاحبة لها سواءً أجاءت قبلها أو بعدها، فنلاحظ في هذا النص على سبيل المثال كلمات عديدة مصاحبة لكلمة (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">watch</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، منها (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">towers/word/dogs/keep, etc</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) إلخ. وهذا أمر ينبغي على المترجم أن ينتبه له جدا أثناء الترجمة. كما ينبغي عليه كذلك أن ينتبه إلى الكلمات متعدّدة المعاني (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">polysemic words</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، مثل كلمة (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">land</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>) في هذا النص. فقد جاءت بمعنى معيّن من بين معانيها العديدة وهو "أرض/وطن/بلد" ولكن قطعا ليس "أراض"، رغم أنه معنى من معانيها.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">- هناك خطأ لغوي واحد في النص المترجم: "مضطرون لأن ..."، والصواب: "مضطرون </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">إلى</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> ...". الحرف الذي يتبع "اضطر" هو "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">إلى</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">" وليس "</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">لـ</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">".<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">- تجدر الإشارة هنا إلى وجود اختلاف واضح بين اللغتين الإنجليزية والعربية في ربط الجمل (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">coordination</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>). بينما يكثر الربط الضمني بين الجمل الإنجليزية (</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">implicit coordination</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، أي من دون أدوات ربط، إلا أنه في اللغة العربية عادة ما يكون ظاهرا (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">explicit coordination</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، أي أنه يتمّ بوجود أدوات ربط (</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">coordinators/connectives/connectors/linkers</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><span dir="rtl"></span>). وبالتالي فإن الترجمة إلى العربية تتطلب في أحيان كثيرة إضافة أدوات ربط لا وجود لها في النص الإنجليزي لأنها ضمنية، ولكنها تـُسْـتـشـَفّ من سياق النص. لاحظوا أدوات الربط المضافة في النص المترجم وهي ضرورية لنسيج النص العربي وتماسكه</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ف</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ـهم / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">إذ</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">و</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">في / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">و</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">مع ذلك / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ف</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ـهم / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ولذلك فإن</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">و</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">في / </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">هذا</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">و</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">يتابع)</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">.<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p><font size="5"> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ملاحظة</span></u></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">: كلمة "هذا"، رغم أنها "اسم إشارة"، إلا أنها تستخدم أداة ربط في النصوص الصحفية على وجه الخصوص، ودائما ما تكون متبوعة بالواو: (</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">هذا و</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">...)<p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">وإليكم الترجمة التي أقترحها لهذا <u>النص رقم</u> (</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">2</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">)</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">: </span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p> </p></span></p><div align="right"><table class="MsoTableGrid" dir="rtl" style="border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-table-dir: bidi" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">يتعيّن</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> على الفلسطينيين أن يكونوا يقظين دائما، فهم يراقبون </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الجنود الإسرائيليين</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> من بعض أبراج المراقبة، </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">إذ</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> يطلب </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الجنود</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> الذين يحاصرون </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">كافة</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> قرى ومدن الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة من كل فلسطيني ذكر كلمة سر </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">معيّنة</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> قبل أن </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">يسمحوا</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> له بالمرور، </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">وفي نفس الوقت</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">يتوجّب</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> على الفلسطينيين أن يحترسوا من كلاب الحراسة، </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">ومع ذلك</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> يتحينون الفرصة المناسبة ل</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">مهاجمة</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> أعدائهم، </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">و</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> يبذلون قصارى جهدهم <b>ل</b></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">لحفاظ على </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">(</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">أو</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> حماية</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">)</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">أرضهم</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> (</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">وطنهم</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">/</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">بلدهم</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">)</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">.</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> ولذلك فإن </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الجنود</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> الإسرائيليين مضطرون </span><b><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">إلى</span></u></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> أخذ حذرهم</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">، وفي نفس الوقت يتحينون </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">الفرصة</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">لمهاجمة</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> الفلسطينيين</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">.</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"> هذا ويتابع الفلسطينيون قضيتهم الآن في الأمم المتحدة.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></font></p></td></tr></table></div><br /><font color="#0000ff" size="5">تحياتي،،،</font>
                        د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
                        لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
                        فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

                          تعليق

                          • صورة الزائر الرمزية
                            #67
                            _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                            <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">أولا يا أخي إنا لا أتكلم عن النص, ولكن نقطة نقاشي الوحيدة هي انك عندما سألتك عن: </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">إذا كان استخدام المضارع التام غير صحيح, واستخدام الماضي المجرد استخدام صحيح وذلك</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ليدل على أن "إخوتنا في فلسطين محاصرون منذ "الماضي البعيد" وليس في الآونة الأخيرة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقط . فكيف تكون الجملة لو افترضنا جدلا أن الحصار قد انتهى؟ <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ألن تكون الجملة أدناه هي المستخدمة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>:<br />Israeli troops who besieged all the villages and towns in the West</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span>؟ <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقلت: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">لن تكون الجملة كذلك بل هكذا <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>(</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">The</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> Israeli troops who </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">had</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> besieged all..)</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ونقاشي معك هو أن الماضي التام لا يستخدم إلا عندما يكون هناك فعلان حدثا في الماضي ,وأحد هذين الفعلين حدث قبل الآخر, مثال: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">She </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: #660000; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">had left</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> before I </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">arrived </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">أما استخدامك لزمن الماضي التام ليدل على أن الفعل حدث في الماضي وانتهى فهو استخدام خاطئ تماما, وان كان لك مرجع يقول بقولك, فأرشدني إليه, أو انقل لنا ما ورد فيه. </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3"><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">والجملة الصحيحة التي توضح أن الفعل قد وقع وانتهى فهي: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">Israeli troops who besieged all the villages</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"> <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">تقول : <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">إلا أنّ المضارع التام (</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">present perfect</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>) في اللغة الإنجليزية يفيد (أ) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي القريب أو (ب) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي ولا يزال متواصلا حتّى زمن التكلـّم, وفي هذه الحالة عادة ما يكون متبوعا بـ(</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">for+a period of time</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>) أو بـ(</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">since+a point in time</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">أقول: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">بالنسبة للنقطة (ب) فهي ماينطبق على الفسطينيين تماما حيث ان الحصار بدأ في الماضي ولا يزال الى الان وبهذا يكون استخدامي للمضارع التام استخداما صحيحا. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">أما بالنسبة لـ </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">since </span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">for</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span> فأنت قلت "عادة" وليس دائما, فقد تكون هذه الحالة التي وردت في النص من الحالات التي لم ترد فيها </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">since </span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">for</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p>

                              تعليق

                              • صورة الزائر الرمزية
                                #68
                                _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">أولا يا أخي إنا لا أتكلم عن النص, ولكن نقطة نقاشي الوحيدة هي انك عندما سألتك عن: </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">إذا كان استخدام المضارع التام غير صحيح, واستخدام الماضي المجرد استخدام صحيح وذلك</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ليدل على أن "إخوتنا في فلسطين محاصرون منذ "الماضي البعيد" وليس في الآونة الأخيرة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقط . فكيف تكون الجملة لو افترضنا جدلا أن الحصار قد انتهى؟ <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ألن تكون الجملة أدناه هي المستخدمة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>:<br />Israeli troops who besieged all the villages and towns in the West</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span>؟ <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">فقلت: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">لن تكون الجملة كذلك بل هكذا <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>(</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">The</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> Israeli troops who </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">had</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> besieged all..)</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">ونقاشي معك هو أن الماضي التام لا يستخدم إلا عندما يكون هناك فعلان حدثا في الماضي ,وأحد هذين الفعلين حدث قبل الآخر, مثال: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">She </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: #660000; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">had left</span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"> before I </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">arrived </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">أما استخدامك لزمن الماضي التام ليدل على أن الفعل حدث في الماضي وانتهى فهو استخدام خاطئ تماما, وان كان لك مرجع يقول بقولك, فأرشدني إليه, أو انقل لنا ما ورد فيه. </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3"><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">والجملة الصحيحة التي توضح أن الفعل قد وقع وانتهى فهي: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">Israeli troops who besieged all the villages</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi"> <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">تقول : <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">إلا أنّ المضارع التام (</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">present perfect</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>) في اللغة الإنجليزية يفيد (أ) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي القريب أو (ب) أن حدثا وقع في الماضي ولا يزال متواصلا حتّى زمن التكلـّم, وفي هذه الحالة عادة ما يكون متبوعا بـ(</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">for+a period of time</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>) أو بـ(</span></b><b><span lang="FR" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-language: fr">since+a point in time</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">أقول: <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">بالنسبة للنقطة (ب) فهي ماينطبق على الفسطينيين تماما حيث ان الحصار بدأ في الماضي ولا يزال الى الان وبهذا يكون استخدامي للمضارع التام استخداما صحيحا. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; line-height: normal; mso-outline-level: 2"><b><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">أما بالنسبة لـ </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">since </span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">for</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span> فأنت قلت "عادة" وليس دائما, فقد تكون هذه الحالة التي وردت في النص من الحالات التي لم ترد فيها </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">since </span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>و </span></b><b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">for</span></b><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span dir="ltr"><p><font face="Calibri"> </font></p></span></p>

                                  تعليق

                                  • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
                                    عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
                                    • May 2006
                                    • 469
                                    #69
                                    _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                    <strong><font color="#0000ff" size="5">إخوتي الأفاضل في إدارة واتا، لقد حُذفت المداخلة الأخيرة للأخ الأستاذ مازن يقول فيها بعدم وجود أي استخدام للماضي التام غير الذي تفضل به هو، وطلب منّي شخصيا أن أثبت غير ذلك من مراجع نحوية. ونظرا لتأخر الوقت فسأثبت له ذلك غدا إن شاء الله وبكل هدوء.<br /> <br />صحيح أنه كان يبدو غاضبا لأنه لم يبدأ مداخلته بالسلام ولم ينهها بالتحية كعادته، ولكنني سأردّ عليها ليطمئن قلبه (إن شاء الله!) فقد استنسختـُها. والرجاء أن تعيدوها، ولكم مني جزيل الشكر سلفا، وللأستاذ مازن تحية فيها سلام.</font></strong> 
                                    د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
                                    لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
                                    فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

                                      تعليق

                                      • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
                                        عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
                                        • May 2006
                                        • 469
                                        #70
                                        _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                        <font color="#0000ff" size="5">يا إخوتي في إدارة "جمع"، هل هناك من مجال لاستعادة مداخلة الأستاذ مازن الأخيرة لكي أردّ على "سؤاله" فلا يظل معلـّقا؟ إني ذاهب الآن إلى الجامعة وسأعود إن شاء الله عصرا، وإن وجدتها قد استُعيدت فسأردّ عليها.<br /><br />تحياتي،،،</font> 
                                        د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
                                        لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
                                        فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

                                          تعليق

                                          • صورة الزائر الرمزية
                                            #71
                                            _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                            <h1 align="right">الاخ الدكتور العبيدي:                 تحية عطرة<br /><br />وابتداءا , فأنا اشكرك جزيرل الشكر لطلبك استعادة مداخلتي التي تم حذفها دون سبب وجيه, وانا في انتظار الرد.<br /><br />لدي طلب بسيط وهو ان كان هناك مجال للمناقشة بعد مشاركتك القادمة, فأرجو ان لا يتم حذف مشاركتي بعدها حتى تكون هناك مساواة في المشاركة وحتى تتضح لي الصورة تماما.<br /><br />وتقبل خالص تحياتي </h1>

                                              تعليق

                                              • admin_02
                                                إدارة المنتديات
                                                • May 2006
                                                • 104
                                                #72
                                                _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                                <p><font color="#ff0000" size="5">سعادة الأستاذ الدكتور العبيدي<br />مع الأسف لا توجد أي فرصة لاستعادة مداخلة المذكور. ولا توجد أي فرصة لقبول تسجيله بالموقع. لا الآن ولا في أي وقت لاحق. وعلى الرغم من أن المذكور عند تسجيله بالموقع في كل مرة يقبل بإقرار يشهد فيه بالله العظيم أن بياناته صحيحة إلا أنه لا يستحي أن يسجل في الموقع ويراسل الإدارة باسم ريم، وسميرة، وسوزان، وفهد القحطاني، ومازن العمري، ومايكل إدوارد، وإسماعيل ... إلخ. وما دامت شهادته بالله العظيم لا تعني عنده شيئاً فيسعدنا أن نساعده في  أن يقسم في كل مرة يميناً غموساً يلقى به الله عز وجل، وقد أحبط عمله بيده. وسيتم حذف تسجيله في كل مرة وتحت أي مسمى. مع العلم بأن الحذف يتم تلقائياً، ولا يحتاج منا لمتابعة.<br />وشكراً.</font></p>
                                                إدارة المنتديات

                                                  تعليق

                                                  • عبدالمجيد العبيدي
                                                    عضو مؤسس_أستاذ جامعي
                                                    • May 2006
                                                    • 469
                                                    #73
                                                    _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                                    <strong><font color="#0000ff" size="5">أعتذر عن التأخير في نشر النص الثالث ، فقد انشغلتُ في الجامعة بعض الشيء اليوم. وإلى حضراتكم النص الثالث:</font></strong><br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="7"><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial">النصّ رقم </span></u></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial">(</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 14pt; color: red; font-family: arial"><span dir="ltr"></span>3</span></strong><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; color: blue; font-family: arial"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span></strong></font><font size="4"><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue">:</span><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span dir="ltr" style="color: blue"><p></p></span></p><div align="right"><table class="MsoTableGrid" dir="rtl" style="border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-table-dir: bidi" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></strong></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff">Source Text<p></p></font></font></span></strong></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">بعض بدائل التطعيم</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></strong></font></font></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff">Some alternatives to vaccination<p></p></font></font></span></strong></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">تؤكد منظمة الصحة العالمية أن أفضل مصل مضاد للأمراض المعدية الشائعة هو اتباع نظام غذائي متوازن، فعن طريق التوعية الصحية الفعالة، من خلال نظام غذائي منوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفاكهة الطازجة والخضروات. ونظام غذائي متوازن يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض، وإذا حدث وأصيب بالمرض فإنه أو أنها سيكون في وضع جيد يمكنه من مواجهة المرض بسرعة وفاعلية.</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></font></font></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><font size="5"><font color="#0000ff">As the <strong>World Health Organization</strong> maintains, "The best vaccine against common infectious diseases is an adequate diet". By the active promotion of good health through a varied diet containing plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, and a balanced life style, a child is less susceptible to disease, and when it does occure he or she is in a good possition to deal with it rapidly and effectively.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><p></p></font></font></span></p></td></tr></table></div><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us">المصدر السابق ، ص 186-187.</span><span lang="EN-US" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial; mso-ansi-language: en-us"><p></p></span></p><br /><br /><font color="#0000ff" size="5">تحياتي وتقديري،،،</font><br />
                                                    د/ عبد المجيد العبيدي
                                                    لَعَمْـرُك ما الإنسانُ إلاّ بدينه  فلا تترُك التّقوى اتّكالا على النسبْ
                                                    فقد رفعَ الإسلامُ سلمانَ فارسٍ  وقد وضع الشركُ الشريفَ أبا لهبْ

                                                      تعليق

                                                      • arabiaslover
                                                        عضو منتسب
                                                        • Jun 2007
                                                        • 60
                                                        #74
                                                        _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                                        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt"><span lang="AR-AE" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><p></p></span></p><div align="right"><table class="MsoNormalTable" dir="rtl" style="border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-table-dir: bidi" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"></span></strong><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></strong></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">Source Text <p></p></span></strong></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">بعض بدائل التطعيم</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></strong></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal"><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">Some alternatives to vaccination <p></p></span></strong></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">تؤكد منظمة الصحة العالمية أن أفضل مصل مضاد للأمراض المعدية الشائعة هو اتباع نظام غذائي متوازن، فعن طريق <span style="background: yellow">التوعية الصحية الفعالة</span>، من خلال نظام غذائي منوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفاكهة <span style="background: yellow">الطازجة</span> والخضروات<span style="background: red">. و</span>نظام <span style="background: yellow">غذائي</span> متوازن يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض، وإذا حدث وأصيب بالمرض <span style="background: red">فإنه أو أنها سيكون</span> في وضع جيد يمكنه من مواجهة المرض بسرعة وفاعلية.</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0in; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 0in; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; line-height: normal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">As the <strong>World Health Organization</strong> maintains, "The best vaccine against common infectious diseases is an adequate diet". By the active promotion of good health through a varied diet containing plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, and a balanced life style, a child is less susceptible to disease, and when it does <span style="background: red">occure</span> he or she is in a good <span style="background: red">possition</span> to deal with it rapidly and effectively.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><p></p></span></p></td></tr></table></div><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;">المصدر السابق ، ص 186-187.</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">الأخطاء المطبعية أو الإملائية:<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">الخطأ:</span></strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"> </span><font face="Calibri"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">occure</span><span dir="rtl"></span></font><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-AE"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1">    </span><strong><span style="color: red">الصواب:</span></strong> </span></span><font face="Calibri"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">occur</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae">الخطأ:</span></strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"> </span><font face="Calibri"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">position</span><span dir="rtl"></span></font><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span style="mso-tab-count: 1">  </span><strong><span style="color: red">الصواب:</span></strong> </span><font face="Calibri"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;">position</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae"><p></p></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">الأخطاء اللغوية:<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">الخطأ الأول:</span></strong><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #365f91; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"> </span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">استخدم النقطة بدل الفاصلة في (</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial">من خلال نظام غذائي منوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفاكهة الطازجة والخضروات<span style="background: red">. و</span>نظام غذائي متوازن).</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial">الخطأ الثاني:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial">فإنه أو أنها سيكون</span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #365f91; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><strong>تقييم الترجمة:</strong></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">ترجمة جيدة مع وجود بعض الملاحظات البسيطة:</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">الترجمة الحرفية في أحد المواضع مع عدم الدقة.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">كلمة </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>(fresh)</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><span dir="rtl"></span> الطازجة – تصف الخضروات أيضاً وليس الفاكهة فقط.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana">ترجم </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;verdana&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span>(life style)</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><span dir="rtl"></span> على أنها (نظام غذائي) ولكنها أشمل من ذلك.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-AE" style="font-size: 16pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-ae; mso-ascii-font-family: verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: verdana"><strong>الترجمة المقترحة:<p></p></strong></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: #082ab8; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial">كما تؤكد منظمة الصحة العالمية، فإن "أفضل مصل مضاد للأمراض المعدية الشائعة هو اتباع نظام غذائي متوازن"، فعن طريق المحافظة الدائمة على الصحة من خلال نظام غذائي متنوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفواكه والخضروات الطازجة، ونظام حياة متوازن، يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض، وفي حال الإصابة فإن الطفل سيكون في وضع جيد يمكنه من مواجهة المرض بسرعة وفاعلية.</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; line-height: normal; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial"><p></p></span></strong></p><p align="right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 16pt; color: blue; line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-ascii-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;times new roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: arial; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-ansi-language: en-us">تحياتي للدكتور العبيدي ولبقية الإخوة.</span></strong></p>
                                                        سارة

                                                          تعليق

                                                          • Hanifi
                                                            عضو منتسب
                                                            • Jan 2007
                                                            • 50
                                                            #75
                                                            _MD_RE: ورشة عمل_TRANSLATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS

                                                            <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">شكر الله لكم ونفع بكم... وفيما يلي تقييم النص الثالث: <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">النص رقم (</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">3</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">):</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"> <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><p> </p></span></p><div align="right"><table class="MsoTableGrid" dir="rtl" style="border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-bottom: medium none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-table-dir: bidi" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 231.1pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="308"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">Source Text </span><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></b></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 231.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="308"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">Target Text </span><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"><td style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 231.1pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="308"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">As the World Health Organization maintains, "The best vaccine against common infectious diseases is an adequate diet<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">".</span> By the active promotion of good health through a varied diet containing plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">,</span> and a balanced life style, a child is less susceptible to disease, and when it does <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">occure</span> he or she is in a good <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">possition</span> to deal with it rapidly and effectively. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></b></p></td><td style="border-right: #ece9d8; padding-right: 5.4pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 231.15pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="308"><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">تؤكد منظمة الصحة العالمية أن أفضل <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">مصل</span> مضاد للأمراض المعدية الشائعة هو اتباع نظام غذائي <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">متوازن</span>، فعن طريق <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">التوعية الصحية الفعالة</span>، من خلال نظام غذائي منوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفاكهة الطازجة والخضروات<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">.</span> <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">ونظام غذائي</span> متوازن <span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">يصبح</span> الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض، وإذا حدث وأصيب بالمرض <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">فإنه أو أنها</span> سيكون في وضع جيد يمكنه من مواجهة <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow">المرض</span> بسرعة وفاعلية.</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><p></p></span></p></td></tr></table></div><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><p> </p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">أولا- <u>الأخطاء المطبعية أو الإملائية</u></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">: </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><br />1) من الخطأ وضع النقطة خارج علامة التنصيص الثانية إذا كانت النقطة تُنْهِي الجملة الواقعة داخل علامتي التنصيص. (لم أستطع كتابة الطريقة الصواب بشكل صحيح نظرا لعدم قدرتي على التحكم في اتجاه النص) <br />2) لا داعي للفاصلة المحددة بالأحمر في الجملة التالية: </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">By the active promotion of good health through a varied diet containing plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">,</span> and a balanced life style, a child is less susceptible to disease</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><br />3) الخطأ: </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">occure</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">--- الصواب: </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: blue; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">occur</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">   </span><br />4) الخطأ: </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">possition</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">--- الصواب: </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: blue; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">position</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">ثانيا- <u>الأخطاء اللغوية</u></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">: <br /></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">1) لم تُترجَم </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">As</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> الموجودة في بداية القطعة. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><br />2) لا داعي للنقطة المحددة بالأحمر في الجملة التالية: (فعن طريق التوعية الصحية الفعالة، من خلال نظام غذائي منوع يحتوي على الكثير من الفاكهة الطازجة والخضروات<span style="background: red; mso-highlight: red">.</span> ونظام غذائي متوازن يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض) <br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">ثالثا- <u>تقييم الترجمة</u></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">: <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">أ) <u>ترجمة خاطئة</u></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">: <br />1) </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">ترجمة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">adequate</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">إلى (متوازن)، والصواب ترجمتها إلى (ملائم).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><br />2) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>ترجمة </span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">active promotion of good health</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">إلى (التوعية الصحية الفعالة)، والصواب ترجمتها إلى (التعزيز العملي لصحة جيدة) أو (فبتعزيز الصحة الجيدة عمليا).<br />3) ترجمة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">is</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">-التي تشير إلى الزمن الحاضر- في جملة (</span></span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">a child is less susceptible to disease</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) إلى (يصبح) -التي تشير إلى زمن المستقبل-: (يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة بالمرض) <br />4) ترجمة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">a balanced life style</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> إلى (نظام غذائي متوازن)، والصواب ترجمتها إلى (أسلوب حياة متوازن) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">ب) <u>ترجمة مقبولة</u></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">: <br />1) ترجمة </span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">vaccine</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> إلى "مصل"، والأصح ترجمتها إلى (لقاح)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><br />2) ترجمة (</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">he or she</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) إلى "فإنها أو إنه" [ترجمة حرفية غير مناسبة، أليست كذلك؟]</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><br />3) تكرار كلمة (المرض) ثلاث مرات متقاربة: (</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: pmingliu; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">يصبح الطفل أقل عرضة للإصابة ب<u>المرض</u>، وإذا حدث وأصيب ب<u>المرض</u> فإنه أو أنها سيكون في وضع جيد يمكنه من مواجهة <u>المرض</u> بسرعة وفاعلية</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">) <br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><br style="mso-special-character: line-break" /><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">ج) الترجمة المقترحة: <br /></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 13pt; color: blue; font-family: &quot;simplified arabic&quot;; mso-ansi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">وفقا لتأكيدات منظمة الصحة العالمية، "يعد اتباعُ نظامٍ غذائيٍ ملائمٍ أفضلَ لقاحٍ مضادٍ للأمراض المعدية الشائعة." فبتعزيز الصحة الجيدة عمليا من خلال نظام غذائي منوَّع يحتوي على كميات وفيرة من الفواكه والخضروات الطازجة إلى جانب اتباع أسلوب حياة متوازن، يكون الأطفال أقل عرضة للإصابة بالأمراض. وفي حال إصابتهم بها، فإنهم سيكونون في وضع جيد يُمَكِّنهم من مواجهتها بسرعة وفاعلية. <p></p></span></p><p align="right"></p>
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